Vasc.Med 2012;17(3):145-154. Prevention of hepatotoxicity recurrence with valproate monotherapy and carnitine. Pharmacol Rev 2002;54:589-98. Jacobs, P. L. and Goldstein, E. R. Long-term glycine propionyl-l-carnitine supplemention and paradoxical effects on repeated anaerobic sprint performance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:3579-94. Zelnik N, Fridkis I, Gruener N. Reduced carnitine and antiepileptic drugs: cause relationship or co-existence? View abstract. Pietropaoli, P., Caporelli, S., De Pace, F., Donati, A., Adrario, E., Luzi, A., Munch, C., Giovannini, C., and Frezzotti, A. R. [Intraoperative lactic acidosis, can it be treated? 2013;32(1):41-9. View abstract. Plasma and urine carnitine concentrations in well-trained athletes at rest and after exercise. View abstract. View abstract. Neurology 1996;47:705-11. View abstract. However, several studies note mild benefits associated with larger or more long-term doses (43, 44, 45). 2012;2:CD006659. It can also cause the urine, breath, and sweat to have a "fishy" odor. Rajasekar, P. and Anuradha, C. V. Effect of L-carnitine on skeletal muscle lipids and oxidative stress in rats fed high-fructose diet. In addition to the L-carnitine produced in your body, you can also obtain small amounts by eating animal products like meat or fish (5). Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Multi-Country Hepatitis Outbreak in Children, Needle-Free Epinephrine Options Are On The Horizon, Longer Vaccine Interval May Boost Antibodies 9 Times, How Walmart Is Rethinking Health (Medscape video), Dr. Whyte's Book: Take Control of Your Diabetes Risk. The effect of valproic acid on plasma carnitine levels. New Trends Clin Neuropharmacol 1989;3(1):17-24. 2017;25(1):13-4. Lacour B, Di Giulio S, Chanard J, Ciancioni C, Haguet M, Lebkiri B, Basile C, Drueke T, Assan R, Funck-Brentano JL "Carnitine improves lipid anomalies in haemodialysis patients." Clin Physiol 1984;4(4):363-365. View abstract. Hum.Exp.Toxicol. J Dermatol.Sci 2007;48(2):141-144. Neuropsychobiology 1997;35:16-23. Pichard, C., Roulet, M., Rossle, C., Chiolero, R., Schutz, Y., Temler, E., Boumghar, M., Schindler, C., Zurlo, F., Jequier, E., and . View abstract. Malaguarnera, M., Gargante, M. P., Cristaldi, E., Colonna, V., Messano, M., Koverech, A., Neri, S., Vacante, M., Cammalleri, L., and Motta, M. Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) treatment in elderly patients with fatigue. 2010;32(9):1109-1114. 2008;25(8):734-743. Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. View abstract. Hirose S, Mitsudome A, Yasumoto S, et al. View abstract. Effects of L-carnitine on oxidant/antioxidant status in acetic acid-induced colitis. View abstract. These bacteria digest L-carnitine and turn it into a compound called trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Eur Heart J 1994;15:1267-73. View abstract. Heuberger W, Berardi S, Jacky E, et al. Proc Assoc Am Physicians 1997;109:146-53. Eur.Neuropsychopharmacol. Brevetti G, Chiariello M, Policicchio A, and et al. The effect of L-carnitine on insulin resistance in hemodialysed patients with chronic renal failure. 5A5 Steak Lounge. Eur Heart J 1994;15(10):1348-1352. Cherchi A, Lai C, Angelino F, et al. Safety, tolerability and symptom outcomes associated with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with cancer, fatigue, and carnitine deficiency: a phase I/II study. Effects of acute L-carnitine intake on metabolic and blood lactate levels of elite badminton players. Side effects may include nausea, gastrointestinal discomfort, bloating, diarrhea, hives, lower back pain, leg restlessness, numbness, rash, endocrine changes, increased inflammatory response, increased blood urea nitrogen, severe tissue necrosis and venous irritation. Benton, D. and Donohoe, R. T. The influence on cognition of the interactions between lecithin, carnitine and carbohydrate. 2010;32(8):669-672. View abstract. Talenezhad N, Mohammadi M, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Salehi-Abargouei A. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:30-41. View abstract. Liang, W. C., Ohkuma, A., Hayashi, Y. K., Lopez, L. C., Hirano, M., Nonaka, I., Noguchi, S., Chen, L. H., Jong, Y. J., and Nishino, I. ETFDH mutations, CoQ10 levels, and respiratory chain activities in patients with riboflavin-responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. View abstract. The study in the European Heart Journal involved 113 healthy men and women to determine the effect of consuming red meat and white meat . Effects of L-carnitine administration on VO2max and the aerobic- anaerobic threshold in normoxia and acute hypoxia. View abstract. Penn, D., Schmidt-Sommerfeld, E., and Wolf, H. Carnitine deficiency in premature infants receiving total parenteral nutrition. Karl M, Rubenstein M, Rudnick C, Brejda J. 2009;16(1):53-56. L-Carnitine as a diet supplement in patients with type II diabetes. 2007;9(4):249-255. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1987;13:417-23. L-Carnitine should be taken at evenly spaced intervals every 3 or 4 hours. It can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, heartburn, diarrhea, and seizures. Roure, R., Oddos, T., Rossi, A., Vial, F., and Bertin, C. Evaluation of the efficacy of a topical cosmetic slimming product combining tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine, caffeine, carnitine, forskolin and retinol, In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies. Pharmacol Res 1991;23:241-6. 2000;2(2):189-193. Effects of parenteral L-carnitine supplementation on fat metabolism and nutrition in premature neonates. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. You'll also. Changes in lipid pattern. Fathizadeh H, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. View abstract. View abstract. Am J Kidney Dis 1995;26(5):757-764. 2008;118(5):281-290. Kahn J, Lagakos S, Wulfsohn M, et al. People with depression have low blood levels of a substance called acetyl-L-carnitine, according to a Stanford University School of Medicine scientist and her collaborators in a multicenter study. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Segura-Bruna, N., Rodriguez-Campello, A., Puente, V., and Roquer, J. Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Pediatr.Res 1982;16(2):89-91. It can also cause the urine, breath, and sweat to have a "fishy" odor. Applies to levocarnitine: capsule, capsule liquid filled, solution, tablet. eCollection 2019. View abstract. Cureus. J Cardiovasc.Pharmacol 2007;50(2):168-175. View abstract. J Androl 2012;33(4):615-623. However, L-carnitine supplements may raise your blood levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) over time. J.Altern.Complement Med. L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer: an eastern cooperative oncology group phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Avoid taking ALCAR too late in the day, as it can cause insomnia in some people. Quality of life during and between hemodialysis treatments: role of L- carnitine supplementation. Nasser, M., Javaheri, H., Fedorowicz, Z., and Noorani, Z. Carnitine supplementation for inborn errors of metabolism. Side Effects. Role of L-carnitine in apnea of prematurity: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:117-31. Carnitine improves peripheral glucose disposal in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. The effect of L-carnitine on mortality rate in septic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials. View abstract. Genazzani, A. D., Lanzoni, C., Ricchieri, F., Santagni, S., Rattighieri, E., Chierchia, E., Monteleone, P., and Jasonni, V. M. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) administration positively affects reproductive axis in hypogonadotropic women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea. Dimitriadis, F., Tsambalas, S., Tsounapi, P., Kawamura, H., Vlachopoulou, E., Haliasos, N., Gratsias, S., Watanabe, T., Saito, M., Miyagawa, I., and Sofikitis, N. Effects of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on Leydig cell secretory function in oligoasthenospermic infertile men: a randomized trial. 2006;12(6):704-714. Rolim LC, da Silva EM, Flumignan RL, Abreu MM, Dib SA. View abstract. View abstract. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2008;31(4):503-507. View abstract. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with hypothyroidism on levothyroxine treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Therapeutic evaluation of L-carnitine in Egyptian children with dilated cardiomyopathy. 2007;62(4):349-354. Rajasekar, P. and Anuradha, C. V. L-Carnitine inhibits protein glycation in vitro and in vivo: evidence for a role in diabetic management. Romano, M., Vacante, M., Cristaldi, E., Colonna, V., Gargante, M. P., Cammalleri, L., and Malaguarnera, M. L-carnitine treatment reduces steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with alpha-interferon and ribavirin. J.Japanese Society Nutrition Food Sci 2007;60(5):257-264. Acetyl-l-carnitine: a pathogenesis based treatment for HIV-associated antiretroviral toxic neuropathy. View abstract. Along with its needed effects, levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) may cause some unwanted effects. The antagonistic effect of carnitine in hyperthyroidism. De Simone, C., Tzantzoglou, S., Famularo, G., Moretti, S., Paoletti, F., Vullo, V., and Delia, S. High dose L-carnitine improves immunologic and metabolic parameters in AIDS patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;26:380-7. I tried this recently at a low dose, 125 mg, and had strong side effects for a day or two. Metabolism 2011;60(3):421-429. The effect of L-carnitine supplement on dialysis patients [abstract]. 2006;114(1):1-7. J Nephrol. 1987;1(4):238-241. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Yokoi, K., Ito, T., Maeda, Y., Nakajima, Y., Ueta, A., Nomura, T., Koyama, N., Kato, I., Suzuki, S., Kurono, Y., Sugiyama, N., and Togari, H. Acylcarnitine profiles during carnitine loading and fasting tests in a Japanese patient with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. In fact, in one study, a small group of people with hyperthyroidism saw these symptoms improve, and their body temperature become normal, when taking carnitine. Chan, A., Remington, R., Kotyla, E., Lepore, A., Zemianek, J., and Shea, T. B. View abstract. Pastoris, O., Dossena, M., Foppa, P., Catapano, M., Arbustini, E., Bellini, O., Dal Bello, B., Minzioni, G., Ceriana, P., and Barzaghi, N. Effect of L-carnitine on myocardial metabolism: results of a balanced, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in patients undergoing open heart surgery. 11. . Ganio, M. S., Klau, J. F., Lee, E. C., Yeargin, S. W., McDermott, B. P., Buyckx, M., Maresh, C. M., and Armstrong, L. E. Effect of various carbohydrate-electrolyte fluids on cycling performance and maximal voluntary contraction. 2019;14(6):504-514. View abstract. Acta Paediatr 1996;85:446-9. Carnitine deficiency disorders in children. Anon. View abstract. Nephron 1991;57(3):306-313. View abstract. J Drug Dev 1988;1(3):163-166. Fertil.Steril. Anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activitiy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of adefovir dipivoxyl (9-[2-(bis-pivaloyloxymethyl)-phosphonylmethoxyethyl]adenine) in HIV-infected patients. Nasca D, Zurria G, and Aguglia E. Action of acetyl-L-carnitine in association with mianserine on depressed old people. Borghi-Silva, A., Baldissera, V., Sampaio, L. M., Pires-DiLorenzo, V. A., Jamami, M., Demonte, A., Marchini, J. S., and Costa, D. L-carnitine as an ergogenic aid for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to whole-body and respiratory muscle training programs. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in patients receiving hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996;11:A262. Dal Negro R, Pomari G, Zoccatelli O, and et al. View abstract. AIDS 2004;18:1549-60. View abstract. A double-blind randomized study. Metabolism 2008;57(4):549-554. Several conditions can cause bradycardia, including several potentially serious conditions, such as myocarditis, sleep apnea, lupus or certain medications. Postiglione A, Soricelli A, Cicerano U, et al. Malaguarnera, M., Gargante, M. P., Cristaldi, E., Vacante, M., Risino, C., Cammalleri, L., Pennisi, G., and Rampello, L. Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Location. Nuesch R, Rossetto M, Martina B. Yet, there are a few known side effects that include agitation, insomnia and nausea. J.Med.Sci.J.Islamic Azad Univ. View abstract. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. Clin Ter. View abstract. View abstract. L-Carnitine treatment reduces severity of physical and mental fatigue and increases cognitive functions in centenarians: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Am.J Clin Nutr. Doses of 2 grams or less per day seem to be well tolerated and safe for most people. View abstract. Exp.Clin Endocrinol.Diabetes 2010;118(10):735-740. L-acetylcarnitine in depressed elderly subjects. Salonia, A. Inflammation contributes to many medical conditions, including . Zhonghua Nan.Ke.Xue. Pistone G, Marino A, Leotta C, et al. On carnitine content of the human breast milk. Am.J Kidney Dis 2007;50(5):803-812. View abstract. Zhongguo Dang.Dai Er.Ke.Za Zhi. Sahajwalla, C. G., Helton, E. D., Purich, E. D., Hoppel, C. L., and Cabana, B. E. Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of L-carnitine 330-mg tablet versus 1-g chewable tablet versus enteral solution in healthy adult male volunteers. 2009;4(27):45-52. Nephron 1990;55(1):28-32. Bipolar.Disord. Russell, S. Carnitine as an antidote for acute valproate toxicity in children. 2007;52(6):1775-1776. Leuk Lymphoma. View abstract. View abstract. Arch.Pharm Res 2012;35(11):1945-1952. View abstract. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2008;31 Suppl 2:S453-S456. 1989;26(2):111-129. 2007;45(7):513-517. Dal Negro, R., Turco, P., Pomari, C., and De Conti, F. Effects of L-carnitine on physical performance in chronic respiratory insufficiency. Clin Ther 2003;25(5):1429-1439. L-Carnitine may cause serious side effects. 2009;156(1):161-171. The brain, inflammation and you Inflammation intimately affects sleep quality, especially in older adults. While it may aid in weight loss for obese individuals or older adults, a thorough diet and exercise regimen must be in place first. Biol Neonate 1990;58:89-92. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. 2014 Nov 26;13:110. Support Care Cancer. Cruciani, R. A., Dvorkin, E., Homel, P., Culliney, B., Malamud, S., Lapin, J., Portenoy, R. K., and Esteban-Cruciani, N. L-carnitine supplementation in patients with advanced cancer and carnitine deficiency: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Curr Ther Res 1980;27(2):208-216. Sawicka AK, Hartmane D, Lipinska P, Wojtowicz E, Lysiak-Szydlowska W, Olek RA. Int.J Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2011;21(5):385-397. Saneian H, Khalilian L, Heidari-Beni M, et al. Efficacy of l-carnitine supplementation for management of blood lipids: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. Gheissari A, Aslani N, Eshraghi A, et al. 244 Jackson Street. 2014 May;29(5):997-1004. View abstract. L-carnitine, ginseng, guarana, glucose, taurine, and more. Kolker, S., Christensen, E., Leonard, J. V., Greenberg, C. R., Burlina, A. Learn how to separate fact from fiction in the world of weight loss. View abstract. J Infect Dis 1997;176:406-13. View abstract. JPEN J Parenter.Enteral Nutr 1988;12(1):29-34. In children, L-carnitine has most often been used in doses of 50-100 mg/kg by mouth daily, for up to one year. Pittler, M. H. and Ernst, E. Complementary therapies for neuropathic and neuralgic pain: systematic review. (20,39) Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on peripheral arterial obliterative disease of the lower limbs: a double-blind clinical trial. It helps transport fatty acids into the mitochondria where they can be burned up and used as fuel. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1990;61:486-90. 2006;8(3-4):404-416. Z. 11-15-2008;102(10):1413-1417. Int.J Cardiol. View abstract. Evaluation of the effects of L-acetylcarnitine on senile patients suffering from depression. View abstract. Toptas, B., Baykal, A., Yesilipek, A., Isbir, M., Kupesiz, A., Yalcin, O., and Baskurt, O. K. L-carnitine deficiency and red blood cell mechanical impairment in beta-thalassemia major. Choose . I fell asleep at night but woke up repeatedly and then couldn't get back to sleep. Suzuki, Y., Narita, M., and Yamazaki, N. Effects of L-carnitine on arrhythmias during hemodialysis. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Nephron 1989;51(2):237-242. The effects of magnesium, L-carnitine, and concurrent magnesium-L-carnitine supplementation in migraine prophylaxis. Drugs Exp Clin Res 1995;21(4):157-159. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Carnitine is a micronutrient derived from amino acids and is found in almost all the cells of your body. 1987;24(1):23-28. L-carnitine might increase the effects of warfarin and increase the chances of bruising and bleeding. Ann.Nutr.Metab 2008;52(4):335-338. View abstract. Pathophysiology. You can get concerning Insomnia material over there! View abstract. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Evans AM, Fornasini G. Pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine. View abstract. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 5 Feb 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 22 Feb 2023), ASHP (updated 12 Feb 2023) and others. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2008;31(3):361-367. Clin Rheumatol. Effects of l-carnitine supplementation on weight loss and body composition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled clinical trials with dose-response analysis. The role of oral L-carnitine therapy in chronic hemodialysis patients. PLoS One. Taking too much (2 to 3 grams . . View abstract. Other research reveals that acetyl-L-carnitine may also help boost brain health and function as you age (64, 65). Lenzi, A., Lombardo, F., Sgro, P., Salacone, P., Caponecchia, L., Dondero, F., and Gandini, L. Use of carnitine therapy in selected cases of male factor infertility: a double-blind crossover trial. Oral carnitine supplementation reduces body weight and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. [The impact of L-carnitine administration on the serum level of myocardium injury markers in patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning]. The mitochondria act. View abstract. Effect of L-carnitine in patients with asthenospermia. View abstract. Prolonged oral L-carnitine substitution increases bicycle ergometer performance in patients with severe, ischemically induced cardiac insufficiency. 1) is a naturally occurring amino acid found in high concentrations in muscle, heart and brain tissues. Villani, R. G., Gannon, J., Self, M., and Rich, P. A. L-Carnitine supplementation combined with aerobic training does not promote weight loss in moderately obese women. View abstract. Specific populations may benefit from L-carnitine supplements. Gynecol.Oncol 2012;124(3):417-425. View abstract. Fertil.Steril 2003;80(Suppl 3):48. Decombaz, J., Deriaz, O., Acheson, K., Gmuender, B., and Jequier, E. Effect of L-carnitine on submaximal exercise metabolism after depletion of muscle glycogen. Herrmann, W. M., Dietrich, B., and Hiersemenzel, R. Pharmaco-electroencephalographic and clinical effects of the cholinergic substance--acetyl-L-carnitine--in patients with organic brain syndrome. Does carnitine cause insomnia? Relative carnitine deficiency in autism. 2000;22(1):73-80. View abstract. Clin Nephrol 2003;59(1):24-30. While using L-Carnitine, you may need frequent blood tests. Dig.Dis Sci 2006;51(12):2242-2247. Gurlek, A., Tutar, E., Akcil, E., Dincer, I., Erol, C., Kocaturk, P. A., and Oral, D. The effects of L-carnitine treatment on left ventricular function and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Askarpour M, Hadi A, Miraghajani M, Symonds ME, Sheikhi A, Ghaedi E. Beneficial effects of l-carnitine supplementation for weight management in overweight and obese adults: An updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Spiering, B. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Nourshahi, M., Kaviani, M., Kimiagar, M., and Ebrahim, K. H. The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic threshold and lactate accumulation during an incremental exercise. Semeniuk, J., Shalansky, K. F., Taylor, N., Jastrzebski, J., and Cameron, E. C. Evaluation of the effect of intravenous l-carnitine on quality of life in chronic hemodialysis patients. View abstract. Guideri, F., Acampa, M., Hayek, Y., and Zappella, M. Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on cardiac dysautonomia in Rett syndrome: prevention of sudden death? View abstract. Sun, Z. J., Yang, C. B., Wang, H., and Li, Y. Clinical and biochemical effects. View abstract. Molyneux, R., Seymour, A. M., and Bhandari, S. Value of carnitine therapy in kidney dialysis patients and effects on cardiac function from human and animal studies. Neurobiol Aging 1995;16:1-4. J Clin Biochem.Nutr. Labonia, W. D. L-carnitine effects on anemia in hemodialyzed patients treated with erythropoietin. View abstract. Clin Ther 2010;32(4):710-713. View abstract. 2007;20(1):63-65. Am.J Alzheimers.Dis Other Demen. I. Carnitine concentrations and lipid effects." Ye, J., Li, C. J., and Liu, J. H. [A clinical analysis of methylmalonic acidemia in adolescents]. In: Pagon, R. A., Bird, T. D., Dolan, C. R., Stephens, K., and Adam, M. P. GeneReviews [Internet]. Clin Chim Acta 2005;360:173-7. Fenkci, S. M., Fenkci, V., Oztekin, O., Rota, S., and Karagenc, N. Serum total L-carnitine levels in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Does left ventricular function improve with L-carnitine after acute myocardial infarction? Malone, M. A., Schocken, D. D., Hanna, S. K., Liang, X., and Malone, J. I. Diabetes-induced bradycardia is an intrinsic metabolic defect reversed by carnitine. Pryor, J. L., Glass, S. L., Campagnone, J., and Sigman, M. Randomized double blind placebo controlled trial of carnitine for the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia. View abstract. 2009;9:53. Cavallini, G., Ferraretti, A. P., Gianaroli, L., Biagiotti, G., and Vitali, G. Cinnoxicam and L-carnitine/acetyl-L-carnitine treatment for idiopathic and varicocele-associated oligoasthenospermia. Rossle, C., Pichard, C., Roulet, M., Chiolero, R., Schutz, Y., Temler, E., Schindler, C., Zurlo, F., Jequier, E., and Furst, P. [Effect of L-carnitine supplemented total parenteral nutrition on postoperative lipid and nitrogen utilization]. 2010;5(12):e14433. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. Rockstar. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2000;3:417-24. Indian J Exp.Biol. Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. View abstract. Tomassini, V., Pozzilli, C., Onesti, E., Pasqualetti, P., Marinelli, F., Pisani, A., and Fieschi, C. Comparison of the effects of acetyl L-carnitine and amantadine for the treatment of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: results of a pilot, randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. A. L carnitine side effects, safety, danger, caution, risks. 2004;34(6):615-623. Z., Wang, L. X., Liu, H. Z., Qi, X. W., Wang, X. H., and Ren, H. Z. L-carnitine as an adjunct therapy to percutaneous coronary intervention for non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. If you have had a seizure, don't take L-carnitine. Brass, E. P., Adler, S., Sietsema, K. E., Hiatt, W. R., Orlando, A. M., and Amato, A. World J Gastroenterol. Dig.Dis Sci 2008;53(11):3018-3025. Kumar, R., Gautam, G., and Gupta, N. P. Drug therapy for idiopathic male infertility: rationale versus evidence.